{"id":6053,"date":"2026-06-17T12:59:03","date_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:59:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/?p=6053"},"modified":"2026-06-17T12:59:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T11:59:04","slug":"last-mile-challenges-in-the-urban-context","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/en\/last-mile-challenges-in-the-urban-context\/","title":{"rendered":"Last Mile Challenges in the Urban Context"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6053\" class=\"elementor elementor-6053 elementor-6040\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0c51f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0c51f1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-276d03a\" data-id=\"276d03a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32f8cb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32f8cb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Discover the factors that are putting pressure on the urban last mile and reshaping distribution operations.<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c78b5f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c78b5f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/desafios-do-last-mile.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6052\" alt=\"last-mile challenges\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/desafios-do-last-mile.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/desafios-do-last-mile-300x190.webp 300w, https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/desafios-do-last-mile-768x488.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb2d2a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb2d2a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The rapid growth of e-commerce has been profoundly transforming consumption models and, consequently, the logistics operations associated with the distribution of goods. In this context, the last mile stage has taken on an increasingly critical role, concentrating a large share of the operational, economic, and environmental challenges within the supply chain.<\/p>\n<p>In urban areas, this reality is particularly evident. High population density, traffic congestion, mobility restrictions, and rising consumer expectations contribute to an increasingly complex and demanding logistics environment. At the same time, the pressure to reduce emissions and improve quality of life in cities has intensified the need for more sustainable and efficient solutions.<\/p>\n<p>Within this framework, this article analyses the main challenges of the last mile in the urban context, addressing issues such as congestion and operational difficulties, the evolution of consumer expectations, environmental impact, and the growing pressure on distribution costs. Understanding these factors is essential to framing the ongoing transformation in the sector and identifying pathways towards more balanced and sustainable urban logistics.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-94467f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"94467f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fce660d\" data-id=\"fce660d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02cd061 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02cd061\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Summary<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6cf040 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"f6cf040\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">The growth of online shopping has led to more delivery vehicles on the roads, contributing to congestion and making parking in cities more difficult.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Consumers expect faster deliveries, lower costs, and greater predictability<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">There has been an increase in Low Emission Zones across Europe to mitigate the effects of air and noise pollution on quality of life and public health.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Operating costs are rising, with last mile delivery accounting for 53% of total shipping costs.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ae4815 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9ae4815\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Congestion and Parking Challenges<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-99dbb63 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"99dbb63\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a831ba6\" data-id=\"a831ba6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9aec02 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"b9aec02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Lisbon and Porto experience high levels of congestion (up to 102 hours lost per year).<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Without structural measures, the number of delivery vehicles could increase by up to 61%, contributing to a 60% rise in carbon emissions and worsening urban congestion by around 14%.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8709eee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8709eee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomtom.com\/traffic-index\/country\/portugal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TomTom<\/a> Traffic Index, Porto and Lisbon stand out as the two most congested cities in Portugal. In 2025, average peak-hour delays reached 102 hours in Porto and 95 hours in Lisbon, highlighting the growing pressure on urban mobility.<\/p>\n<p>Urban congestion is a multifactorial and highly complex phenomenon, whose mitigation does not depend on a single solution. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that the growth of e-commerce has been intensifying this problem by significantly increasing the number of delivery vehicles circulating in cities.<\/p>\n<p>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.anacom-consumidor.pt\/-\/metade-dos-portugueses-comprou-online-e-12-vendeu-pela-internet-em-2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ANACOM<\/a> data, based on a survey conducted in 2025, around half of the Portuguese population aged between 16 and 74 made online purchases in the previous three months. Additionally, approximately 12% of respondents reported having sold goods online. These figures confirm a clear trend towards the digitalisation of consumption, with a direct impact on delivery patterns.<\/p>\n<p>This increase in demand has direct implications for urban logistics, particularly in the last mile stage. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Economic Forum<\/a>, in the absence of structural measures, the number of delivery vehicles could grow by up to 61%, contributing to a 60% increase in carbon emissions and worsening urban congestion by around 14%.<\/p>\n<p>Beyond the evident impacts on citizens&#8217; quality of life, this scenario poses significant operational challenges for last mile operations. A higher volume of vehicles inevitably leads to increased traffic, longer travel times, and greater unpredictability in deliveries. As a result, operational efficiency declines, costs rise, and it becomes increasingly difficult to meet consumer expectations.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ceb7de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ceb7de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Consumer Expectations<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-69dc2b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"69dc2b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c01f748\" data-id=\"c01f748\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-047817a elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"047817a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Consumers demand faster deliveries (including same-day), lower or free shipping costs, and greater predictability.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Sustainability is increasingly valued by consumers.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">The average delivery time decreased from 2.36 days in 2022 to 2.15 days in 2023.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In Portugal, there was a 102.87% increase in the number of complaints in 2025.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1314f4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1314f4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbespt.com\/comercio-online-63-dos-consumidores-aumentaram-compras-online-nos-dois-ultimos-anos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ConsumerChoice<\/a> study, 63% of Portuguese respondents say they have increased their online shopping over the past two years, with 32% reporting that they shop online monthly. These figures highlight a clear shift in consumer behaviour, increasingly oriented towards digital channels.<\/p>\n<p>Fashion and accessories, as well as technology and electronics, lead consumer preferences, with factors such as price, convenience, and ease of use playing a decisive role in the decision to purchase online.<\/p>\n<p>However, the delivery experience has become equally critical. The way and speed at which orders reach the end consumer directly influence the purchasing decision. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Economic Forum<\/a>, 23% of shopping carts are abandoned due to excessively long delivery times, while 48% of abandonments are associated with shipping costs.<\/p>\n<p>Sustainability is also emerging as an increasingly relevant factor. Around <a href=\"https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">70% of consumers<\/a> value more sustainable delivery options and, in some cases, are even willing to sacrifice convenience or speed in favour of a lower environmental impact.<\/p>\n<p>In response to this scenario, logistics operators have been adapting their strategies. Globally, the average delivery time decreased from <a href=\"https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2.36 days in 2022 to 2.15 days in 2023<\/a>, reflecting a clear effort to improve the customer experience.<\/p>\n<p>According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ctt.pt\/blog\/barometro-ctt-ecommerce-2026?srsltid=AfmBOorUZ6RzSGIkUK2gNSwJJo7PPLio_NJUKvFAs3kbQXaqMD5pz-ZZ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CTT e-commerce Barometer (1st wave)<\/a>, 53.2% of participants already offer, or plan to offer, same-day deliveries. Free shipping, speed, and predictability are identified as the most valued factors by consumers, demonstrating a high level of awareness within the sector regarding these demands.<\/p>\n<p>Sustainability is also gaining importance on the business side, with 62.2% offering, or planning to offer, recyclable packaging, 55.8% offering, or planning to offer, sustainable products, and 37.8% offering, or planning to offer, deliveries using electric vehicles.<\/p>\n<p>Consumers\u2019 expectations for faster, more sustainable, cost-effective, and predictable deliveries have placed significant pressure on the last mile sector, creating major challenges for distribution companies.<\/p>\n<p>While companies strive to keep up with these evolving demands, they face difficulties in adjusting their capacity to the growing demand. Reflecting this operational strain, Portugal recorded a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distribuicaohoje.com\/supply-chain\/reclamacoes-last-mile\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">102.87% increase in the number of complaints<\/a> in 2025, with approximately 77% related to delivery issues, delays, and logistics failures.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b25cb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b25cb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Air and Noise Pollution<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d11f4de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d11f4de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d29aa3\" data-id=\"8d29aa3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6234eb3 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"6234eb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Air pollution is responsible for approximately 239,000 premature deaths annually in Europe, while noise pollution accounts for around 66,000 premature deaths.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">There is increasing pressure on sectors with higher environmental impact, particularly transport.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">One of the most relevant measures in the urban context, especially for the last mile, is the creation of Low Emission Zones (LEZs).<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In 2023, the transport and storage sector emitted around 818.85 tonnes of CO\u2082 equivalent per million euros of value created.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a7c722 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a7c722\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/en\/europe-environment-2025\/main-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">European Environment Agency<\/a>, air pollution causes approximately 239,000 premature deaths annually in Europe, while noise pollution is responsible for around 66,000 premature deaths. Beyond these more visible impacts, studies show that a large proportion of the European population carries unsafe levels of toxic chemicals in their bodies.<\/p>\n<p>The effects of pollution are not distributed evenly. More vulnerable groups, such as children, the elderly, and people with chronic illnesses, are the most affected, reinforcing the urgency of structural measures in this area.<\/p>\n<p>In this context, the European Union has been strengthening its regulatory framework, setting stricter targets and requiring continuous monitoring of air quality and noise levels. These policies place increasing pressure on sectors with higher environmental impacts, particularly transport.<\/p>\n<p>One of the most important measures in the urban context, especially for last mile logistics, is the implementation of Low Emission Zones (LEZs). These designated areas impose restrictions on the circulation of more polluting vehicles, aiming to improve air quality in city centres.<\/p>\n<p>In recent years, progress has been clear: several European cities are taking the next step by creating zero-emission zones, where only electric or other non-polluting modes of transport are permitted.<\/p>\n<p>The results of these policies are already becoming visible. Between 2005 and 2022, there was a 45% reduction in premature deaths associated with exposure to fine particulate matter in Europe, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/en\/europe-environment-2025\/main-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">European Environment Agency<\/a>. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go.<\/p>\n<p>In Portugal, although there has been a downward trend in carbon intensity in the transport and storage sector, levels remain high. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pordata.pt\/portugal\/intensidade+carbonica+da+economia+por+setor+de+atividade-3477-310754\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pordata<\/a>, in 2023 this sector emitted approximately 818.85 tonnes of CO\u2082 equivalent per million euros of value created, making it the fourth most carbon-intensive sector in the country.<\/p>\n<p>Given this scenario, and considering that the growth of the last mile may contribute to a significant increase in emissions, decarbonisation challenges become particularly demanding. The expansion of e-commerce and the resulting increase in delivery vehicles reinforce the need for cleaner and more efficient solutions.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, Lisbon is the only Portuguese city with a Low Emission Zone. However, following the European trend, it is expected that these types of restrictions will expand. If this scenario materialises, access for combustion engine vehicles to urban centres will become increasingly limited, or even eliminated in some areas, inevitably accelerating the transition to electric fleets.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb2600c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb2600c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">High Operating Costs<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-34c52ef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34c52ef\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-102458b\" data-id=\"102458b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d063b3 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"7d063b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">The last mile accounts for 53% of total delivery costs.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-plug\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">It is becoming increasingly complex to balance speed, costs, and sustainability.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a07e44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a07e44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rising consumer expectations for faster and more affordable deliveries, combined with the significant growth of e-commerce, have intensified pressure on urban distribution.<\/p>\n<p>In this context, the final stage of the logistics process, the last mile, has taken on particular importance, currently representing more than half of total distribution costs, with a clearly upward trend. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">World Economic Forum<\/a>, the last mile accounted for 41% of total costs in 2018, rising to 53% in 2023, reflecting the increased operational complexity and demands associated with this stage.<\/p>\n<p>Faced with this scenario, distribution companies are confronting increasingly demanding challenges. The need to ensure fast, reliable, and cost-competitive deliveries must be balanced with the urgency of reducing the environmental impact of operations and ensuring financial sustainability. Achieving this balance between operational efficiency, cost control, and environmental responsibility has emerged as one of the main strategic challenges for the sector today.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b70668 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b70668\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31ece12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31ece12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The challenges of the last mile in the urban context are complex and interconnected, resulting from the combination of rapid e-commerce growth, increasing congestion, rising consumer expectations, and the urgent need to reduce the environmental impact of logistics operations. This scenario places significant pressure on operators, who are required to strike a balance between efficiency, cost, speed, and sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, it is important to highlight that concrete steps are already being taken to mitigate these challenges and transform the urban distribution model. The implementation of pick-up points and lockers helps reduce failed delivery attempts and optimise routes, while also offering greater flexibility to consumers. At the same time, the development of urban micro-hubs brings distribution centres closer to end customers, helping reduce travel distances and delivery times.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, the adoption of compact logistics vehicles, better suited to urban environments, along with fleet electrification, has been gaining momentum, aligning with regulatory requirements and the need to reduce emissions and noise in cities. Alongside these physical solutions, the growing use of digital technologies, particularly artificial intelligence, is enabling route optimisation, demand forecasting, and improved operational management, increasing overall logistics efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>Taken together, these initiatives demonstrate that, although the challenges are significant, the sector is undergoing a clear transformation. The combination of technological innovation, new infrastructure, and more sustainable operational strategies will be essential to ensure a more efficient, resilient, and city-aligned last mile.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec598af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ec598af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sources<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a904cc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a904cc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ANACOM. (2026). <em>Metade dos portugueses comprou online e 12% vendeu pela Internet em 2025<\/em>. Portal Do Consumidor. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.anacom-consumidor.pt\/-\/metade-dos-portugueses-comprou-online-e-12-vendeu-pela-internet-em-2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.anacom-consumidor.pt\/-\/metade-dos-portugueses-comprou-online-e-12-vendeu-pela-internet-em-2025<\/a><\/p>\n<p>CTT. (2026). Bar\u00f3metro e-commerce CTT (1<sup>a<\/sup> vaga). In <em>CTT<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ctt.pt\/blog\/barometro-ctt-ecommerce-2026?srsltid=AfmBOorUZ6RzSGIkUK2gNSwJJo7PPLio_NJUKvFAs3kbQXaqMD5pz-ZZ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ctt.pt\/blog\/barometro-ctt-ecommerce-2026?srsltid=AfmBOorUZ6RzSGIkUK2gNSwJJo7PPLio_NJUKvFAs3kbQXaqMD5pz-ZZ<\/a><\/p>\n<p>European Environment Agency. (2025). <em>Europe\u2019s environment and climate: knowledge for resilience, prosperity and sustainability<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/en\/europe-environment-2025\/main-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/en\/europe-environment-2025\/main-report<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Murgeira, R. (2026). Reclama\u00e7\u00f5es no last mile duplicam em 2025 e mant\u00eam tend\u00eancia de subida em 2026. <em>Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o Hoje<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distribuicaohoje.com\/supply-chain\/reclamacoes-last-mile\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.distribuicaohoje.com\/supply-chain\/reclamacoes-last-mile\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Peralta, H. C. (2026). <em>Com\u00e9rcio online: 63% dos consumidores aumentaram compras online nos dois \u00faltimos anos<\/em>. Forbes Portugal. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbespt.com\/comercio-online-63-dos-consumidores-aumentaram-compras-online-nos-dois-ultimos-anos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.forbespt.com\/comercio-online-63-dos-consumidores-aumentaram-compras-online-nos-dois-ultimos-anos\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pordata &amp; INE. (2025). Intensidade carb\u00f3nica da economia por setor de atividade [Dataset]. In <em>Pordata<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pordata.pt\/portugal\/intensidade+carbonica+da+economia+por+setor+de+atividade-3477-310754\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.pordata.pt\/portugal\/intensidade+carbonica+da+economia+por+setor+de+atividade-3477-310754<\/a><\/p>\n<p>TomTom Traffic Index. (n.d.). <em>Portugal traffic report | TomTom Traffic Index<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomtom.com\/traffic-index\/country\/portugal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.tomtom.com\/traffic-index\/country\/portugal<\/a><\/p>\n<p>World Economic Forum. (2024). Transforming Urban Logistics: Sustainable and Efficient Last-Mile Delivery in Cities. In <em>World Economic Forum<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/reports.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Transforming_Urban_Logistics_2024.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fa28cf8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fa28cf8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78897c2\" data-id=\"78897c2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaab3f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aaab3f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">You Might Also Like<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover the factors that are putting pressure on the urban last mile and reshaping distribution operations.<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pfmobility.pt\/en\/last-mile-challenges-in-the-urban-context\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6052,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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